Developmental anomalies

• Aplasia: Failure to form of the entire gland system or a constituent eg duct
• Atresia: Duct blockage
• Heterotopic tissue: Angle/ body of mandible, Stafne’s idiopathic bone cavity

Causes of salivary gland swelling

1. Inflammation/ Sialadenitis*
   – Acute and chronic bacterial
   – Viral
   – Post irradiation
   – Necrotizing sialometaplasia
   – Sjogren’s syndrome
2. Duct obstruction*
   – Sialolithiasis
   – Mucoceles
3. Neoplasms
4. Sialosis*
5. Drugs
6. Deposits eg amyloid.
7. Cystic fibrosis (rare!)
8. Other causes of inflammation:*
   – Granulomatous dx
   – Cysts
   – Pneumoparotitis

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A) Sialadenitis

B) Sjogren’s syndrome

C) Salivary duct obstruction

D) Sialosis/Sialadenosis

E) Other causes of inflammation

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Age changes in salivary glands

– Weight reduction
– Atrophy of secretory tissue
– Replacement with fibro-fatty tissue
– Oncocytic change (large cells, granular cytoplasm)